Conch (Shankh) Blowing: Harnessing Ancient Wisdom for Modern Health

The conch shell, or shankh in Sanskrit, is more than an object symbolising purity, auspiciousness, and the primordial sound Om. The shankh, which comes from the sea-snail Turbinella pyrum, is widely used in Hindu temples and households to mark the beginning and end of worship. Its resonant sound is believed to dispel negativity, purify the environment, and invoke divine presence. Beyond its spiritual value, conch blowing is believed to reduce stress, improve mental clarity, and positively influence physiological responses.
 

In Buddhism, it is one of the eight auspicious symbols (Ashtamangala), representing the melodious voice of the Buddha and the spread of his teachings.

Blowing the shankh also has notable health benefits. It strengthens the lungs, diaphragm, and chest muscles, improving respiratory efficiency and lung capacity. Often compared to pranayama, it promotes diaphragmatic breathing and is especially beneficial for chronic respiratory conditions. The act also stimulates nerve pathways and produces vibrations that enhance mental and physical well-being.

Today, shankh blowing can be seen as a simple, low-cost wellness practice aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), making it not just a sacred tradition but also a potential global health tool.
 

Cross-Cultural Use
The shankh has been mentioned in numerous cultures in addition to Indian scriptures:

• Hinduism (Ancient India): Associated with Lord Vishnu, the shankh symbolises the primordial sound Om and is blown during rituals, temple ceremonies, and festivals.
• Buddhism: One of the eight auspicious symbols, representing the spread of Dharma.
• Pacific Islands: Used in Polynesian cultures for ceremonial calls and navigation.
• Ancient Greece and Rome: Depicted in art as the trumpet of sea gods like Triton.

Historical and Traditional Uses
Beyond its religious and ceremonial importance, the shankh has a documented history of practical applications. In ancient times, it served as a musical instrument and a powerful signal in warfare, most famously described in the Mahabharata.

In the Ayurvedic tradition, the shankh holds therapeutic value. Shankh bhasma—an Ayurvedic remedy derived from conch shell ash—has been used to treat digestive disorders such as hyperacidity, gastritis, and malabsorption syndrome. It is also considered a natural source of Vitamin C and calcium, essential for bone and teeth health.

Ancient Ayurvedic texts further describe the shankh as a tool for strengthening the respiratory system and clearing the airways. Traditional practices and literature highlight its role in enhancing respiratory health, promoting mental and emotional harmony, and supporting holistic physical well-being.

Scientific Scrutiny: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Gaps
While traditional claims regarding the health benefits of blowing the shankh are extensive, scientific research is still in its early stages. Preliminary studies have begun to explore physiological and neurological effects, while also highlighting potential risks and evidence gaps.


Fig:2 The Sound of Serenity: Mental Harmony
Source: AI-generated

Health Benefits of Shankh Blowing
1. Physiological and Neurological Effects

The forceful exhalation required to blow the conch strengthens expiratory muscles and promotes diaphragmatic breathing, encouraging full lung capacity. This mechanism is particularly valuable for improving exhalation strength and maintaining airway function. Controlled breathing also increases intrathoracic pressure, aiding circulation and supporting cardiovascular health. Vibrations generated during blowing are believed to massage internal organs in the chest and abdomen, potentially improving overall vitality.

A study conducted by the Eternal Heart Care Centre in Jaipur, India, found that regular practice of conch blowing significantly reduced symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Participants experienced a 34% reduction in daytime sleepiness, improved sleep quality, and fewer nighttime breathing interruptions.
Altogether, shankhnaad can support:
 

• Improved lung capacity: Strengthens the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, training the lungs to handle higher volumes of air, similar to wind instrument practice.
• Cardiovascular support: Slow, deep exhalation stimulates the vagus nerve, helping reduce heart rate and blood pressure while promoting parasympathetic activity.
• Throat and oral health: Strengthens the soft palate and pharyngeal muscles, potentially reducing snoring and mild sleep apnea symptoms.

2. Mental Well-being and Clarity

The deep, resonant sound of the conch has a calming effect comparable to meditation. It reduces stress and anxiety by stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system and promoting mindful focus.

Research using electroencephalogram (EEG) has shown that the sound of the conch influences brainwave activity, with increases in Alpha waves (8–12 Hz) linked to relaxation and learning. Modulations in Gamma and Beta waves, associated with cognition and stress response, further support its therapeutic role. The conch sound also contains harmonic frequencies and low-range ultrasonic components known for their healing effects.

• Stress reduction: Low-frequency vibrations create a calming effect, reducing cortisol levels, comparable to sound therapy or chanting.
• Enhanced focus and mindfulness: Requires breath coordination and posture alignment, training the mind to stay present.
• Emotional stability: When practised in groups, it fosters social connection and community bonding, boosting mental health.

Other Benefits

• Improved posture: Engaging in conch blowing can strengthen core muscles, contributing to better posture and reduced risk of slouching.
• Enhanced vocal cord health: The practice exercises the vocal cords, improving flexibility and strength, which can be beneficial for individuals who rely on their voice professionally.
• Positive energy and environment: The sound is believed to purify the surroundings and promote a sense of harmony and well-being.

Potential Risks and Precautions
While generally perceived as beneficial, shankh blowing must be practised with caution. Excessive force can strain the lungs. Individuals with pre-existing medical conditions such as high blood pressure, hernia, or glaucoma should consult a medical professional before incorporating this practice into their routine. Caution is also advised during pregnancy and menstrual cycles.

A documented risk is Valsalva haemorrhagic retinopathy, a condition where increased intrathoracic pressure from forceful exhalation against a closed glottis (a manoeuvre similar to conch blowing) can cause retinal capillaries to rupture, leading to acute vision loss.

 

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Conclusion
The ancient practice of conch blowing (shankhnaad) blends rich cultural heritage with promising health benefits, such as improved lung function, mental calmness, and overall vitality. While traditionally valued, there is a dearth of scientific evidence. Preliminary studies suggest it is a low-cost, accessible wellness practice with potential to support respiratory health, reduce stress, and improve sleep.

Aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), Shankhnaad could help reduce non-communicable diseases and enhance mental health globally. However, it remains unclear whether its effects stem from physical breathing exercises, psychological impact, or the sound vibrations themselves.
At UPES, we are actively researching the impact of shankhnaad on human health through a comprehensive study combining mental health assessments with vital signs, lab tests, ECG, and EEG monitoring. Our goal is to scientifically validate this ancient practice and explore its role in modern healthcare as a holistic or complementary approach for a healthier future.

Shankhnaad Team: Dr. Shubham Dwivedi, Dr. Dharmendra Kumar Gupta, Sanskar Kumar, Ananya Tiwari, Nisha, Dishita, Kartik Rose, Kashish, Shivam, Madhusudhan Chauhan, Harshit, Yash and Bhavya Upadhyay.